人促天然更新米槠次生林与杉木人工林乔木层碳贮量分配特征比较     

李丽红 《亚热带资源与环境学报》2012,7(2)

以杉木人工林为对照,分析三明陈大人工促进天然更新形成的米槠次生林乔木层碳贮量及其随树种、径阶、高阶的分配特点．结果表明：米槠次生林乔木层物种丰富度高于杉木林,人促天然更新有利于保持乔木层的树种多样性．米槠次生林乔木层碳贮量为178．67t·hm^-2,高于杉木人工林（111．24t·hm^-2）．米槠次生林和杉木人工林均以单优树种碳贮量占绝对优势,但米槠次生林中大个体林木（大径阶、大高阶）的碳贮量远大于杉木人工林．与杉木人工林相比,米槠次生林呈现出异龄的林分结构,这可能是其能够保持高碳吸存和高树种丰富度的重要原因．  相似文献   

基于GIS的浙江仙居茶叶气候生态区划   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱寿燕  尹先龙  张文明  黄敬峰 《地理空间信息》2012,(2):25-27

引入了GIS等高新科技和信息技术,采用了间距在10km以内的中尺度气象站资料和半理论半经验的散射辐射资料,使评价单元中的气候生态指标更接近于茶区的实际情况,评价单元的分辨率达20 m×20 m,极大地提高了区划成果在实际生产应用中实用性。结果表明:最适宜种植区主要集中在海拔300～800 m东南方向的括苍山区和西南大洋山区,该区温度适宜、热量充足、雨水充沛,茶叶品质好、产量较高;适宜区主要位于海拔300 m以下的低丘缓坡,热量充足、湿度偏小,产量高,但优质茶产量小,以及位于海拔800～1 000 m的高山地区,该地区热量条件较差,产量低,时有冻害发生;海拔1 000 m以上的高山和山顶,土壤贫瘠、冻害严重,不宜发展。  相似文献   

A Linking Test that investigates the feasibility of inverse modelling: application to a simple rainfall interception model for Mt Gambier,southeast South Australia     

J. A. P. Pollacco  R. Angulo‐Jaramilo 《水文研究》2009,23(14):2023-2032

Interception loss has an important influence on the water yield of forested areas. Nevertheless, in most studies stemflow is not measured, therefore the question of how to determine the feasibility of optimizing interception and stemflow parameters simultaneously by matching daily simulated throughfall to fortnightly measurements of cumulative throughfall is an important one. By applying a daily empirical interception model, a goodness fit of 2·2 mm/day is obtained between observed and simulated cumulative throughfall. However, by applying the simple but robust Linking Test, it was shown that the parameters are non‐unique and falsely linked, i.e. inter‐relationships between different vegetation parameter sets give similar throughfall but non‐unique net precipitation. The Linking Test investigates the causes of obtaining falsely linked parameters and shows that objective equifinality is not the source of the problem. Objective equifinality occurs when an inappropriate objective function is used. The Linking Test also shows that falsely linked parameters are not caused by measuring throughfall on a non‐daily basis (termed frequency sampling equifinality). By expanding the interception model to the second degree, it was found that the non‐uniqueness is due to the inherent nature of interception and stemflow functions that behave similarly and therefore can easily compensate each other (termed similarity equifinality). It is also shown that a simple daily empirical exponential interception model developed for conifers in the uplands of the United Kingdom is suitable to model interception in Pinus radiata plantations in the Mediterranean climate of southern Australia by using only daily gross precipitation data and two parameters. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于遥感的漳平市杉松林地表可燃物负荷量估测     

陈芸芝  陈崇成  汪小钦  唐丽玉 《地球信息科学学报》2007,9(6):103-135

 杉木林和马尾松是分布于漳平市的两种易燃的可燃物类型。其可燃物负荷量的多少决定着林火行为。在利用ASTER计算杉木林小班平均植被覆盖度的基础上估算其郁闭度,通过与地面调查结果比较分析,校正已发生明显变化的小班郁闭度。根据已有估测方程,结合小班数据中的年龄、胸径和树高等因子对杉木地表可燃物负荷量进行了估测,据此对各杉木小班的燃烧性、燃烧强度及火险等级等因素进行初步评价。最后对漳平市另一易燃的可燃物马尾松类型开展地表可燃物负荷量估测及分析。  相似文献   

基于CBERS影像的速生林信息提取方法研究     

温庆可  张增祥  刘斌  徐进勇  乔竹萍 《国土资源遥感》2009,(4):68-71,77

提出了一种运用遥感技术提取速生林信息的方法,实现了大区域速生林分布情况的检测。该方法基于CBERS影像多年际时间曲线趋势,根据速生林生长周期中被砍伐并翻地的特殊阶段表现在遥感影像上的不同电磁波谱特征,对其进行检测,从而实现速生林地的提取。在广东省雷州市试验的结果表明,速生林信息提取的总体精度为88%,CBERS CCD图像可以用于大区域的速生林信息提取。  相似文献   

采伐影响下人工林木材生产与固碳功能权衡特征——以湖南会同森林生态实验站为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

朱建佳  戴尔阜  郑度  王晓莉 《地理学报》2018,73(1):152-163

中国人工林面积居世界首位,在全球气候变暖背景下,人工林在提供木材和固定CO₂等方面同时具有重要意义。然而木材生产与碳储量之间存在此消彼长的权衡关系,如何综合考虑二者权衡过程,实现区域森林综合效益最大化,是中国森林生态建设中亟待解决的问题。选择会同森林生态实验站磨哨林场作为研究区,采用人工林固定样地多年观测数据以及InVEST模型,定量评估木材生产与碳储量,构建了不同管理模式下的权衡分析方法,提出了研究区森林生态系统综合效益最佳的权衡对策。研究发现：① 在采伐活动的影响下,木材生产与碳储量显著负相关（R = -0.907, P < 0.001）,表现出强权衡关系;② 随着采伐强度增加,木材生产与碳储量的综合效益逐渐增加,权衡值先下降后上升;每10年采伐总面积10%~20%的管理模式下,收获木材量和碳储量的综合效益相对较高且权衡值最低,是最佳森林管理模式;③ 研究区当前采伐强度略高于最佳采伐强度,适当降低采伐强度能够使森林获取更多的综合效益。因此,在明确森林管理目标的基础上,可借助基于标准差的权衡分析方法,提出中国南方人工林生态系统服务提升与可持续经营的权衡对策。  相似文献   

Timber production assessment of a plantation forest: An integrated framework with field-based inventory,multi-source remote sensing data and forest management history     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2016

Timber production is the purpose for managing plantation forests, and its spatial and quantitative information is critical for advising management strategies. Previous studies have focused on growing stock volume (GSV), which represents the current potential of timber production, yet few studies have investigated historical process-harvested timber. This resulted in a gap in a synthetical ecosystem service assessment of timber production. In this paper, we established a Management Process–based Timber production (MPT) framework to integrate the current GSV and the harvested timber derived from historical logging regimes, trying to synthetically assess timber production for a historical period. In the MPT framework, age-class and current GSV determine the times of historical thinning and the corresponding harvested timber, by using a “space-for-time” substitution. The total timber production can be estimated by the historical harvested timber in each thinning and the current GSV. To test this MPT framework, an empirical study on a larch plantation (LP) with area of 43,946 ha was conducted in North China for a period from 1962 to 2010. Field-based inventory data was integrated with ALOS PALSAR (Advanced Land-Observing Satellite Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar) and Landsat-8 OLI (Operational Land Imager) data for estimating the age-class and current GSV of LP. The random forest model with PALSAR backscatter intensity channels and OLI bands as input predictive variables yielded an accuracy of 67.9% with a Kappa coefficient of 0.59 for age-class classification. The regression model using PALSAR data produced a root mean square error (RMSE) of 36.5 m³ ha⁻¹. The total timber production of LP was estimated to be 7.27 × 10⁶ m³, with 4.87 × 10⁶ m³ in current GSV and 2.40 × 10⁶ m³ in harvested timber through historical thinning. The historical process-harvested timber accounts to 33.0% of the total timber production, which component has been neglected in the assessments for current status of plantation forests. Synthetically considering the RMSE for predictive GSV and misclassification of age-class, the error in timber production were supposed to range from −55.2 to 56.3 m³ ha⁻¹. The MPT framework can be used to assess timber production of other tree species at a larger spatial scale, providing crucial information for a better understanding of forest ecosystem service.  相似文献   

Runoff and peak flow responses to timber harvest and forest age in southern Chile     

Andrs Iroum  Octavio Mayen  Anton Huber 《水文研究》2006,20(1):37-50

Runoff and peak flows in three experimental catchments with different forest conditions were analysed in a rainy temperate climate in southern Chile. The hydrological effects of clearcutting a Pinus radiata plantation covering 79·4% of the La Reina catchment were studied by analysing runoff and peak flows in the pre‐ and post‐harvesting periods. Mean annual runoff increased 110% after timber harvesting. Clearcutting generated a 32% mean increase in peak flows. Peak flow and runoff were examined in two adjacent catchments with different forest conditions. The older plantation in Los Ulmos 1 increasingly consumed more water than the younger plantation established at Los Ulmos 2, whereas differences in peak flows between these two catchments were not significant. Runoff and peak flows comparisons not only reflected changes in forest cover, but also the effect of rainfall characteristics during the study periods and the basins' morphologies. Comparisons between pre‐ and post‐harvesting peak discharges must be undertaken with caution, because a previous analysis at La Reina using a partial set of data overestimated changes in peak flows after timber harvesting. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A STUDY ON THE ECOLOGICAL CLIMATES OF SOME FAMOUS TEA GROWING AREAS IN HIGH MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS OF CHINA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄寿波 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1991,1(2):121-128

The tea tree [Camellia sinensis (L) Kuntze] is one of the world's economic crops. It is an especially important crop for southern China. Environmental factors related to the tea yield and quality in some high mountain areas of China are identified in this paper. These factors are: geology, topography, climate, hydrology, soil and vegetation. Climatological factors are the most important. Using data collected from meteorological stations which are situated at the summit and the base of high mountains, this paper discusses ecological climatic problems in growing tea in China. The ecological climatic characteristics of the famous tea areas mainly included are as follows: more . amounts of clouds and fog, less percentage of sunshine, abundant rainfall and high relative humidity in the air, temperatures that rise and fall slowly, daily and annual temperature ranges that are smaller, more days that are suitable for tea growing and low wind speeds in the lee-sides and valleys of mountains. All of these factors  相似文献   

杉木人工林和水稻田土壤呼吸Q_(10)值的影响因素初探     

高人  唐英平  杨玉盛  尹云锋  陈光水  李又芳  邱敬 《福建地理》2007,(4)

通过实验室自然变温实验,利用LI-8100研究温度和培养时间对2种土地利用方式(杉木人工林和水稻田)的土壤呼吸温度敏感性的影响,培养时间为180 d.结果表明,指数模型较好地拟合了土壤呼吸速率与5 cm处土壤温度的关系,并且低温时段优于高温时段的拟合效果.土壤呼吸Q10值随5 cm处土壤温度的升高呈降低趋势,杉木人工林地土壤Q10值由3.18下降到1.40,而水稻田土壤Q10值则由2.97下降到1.51,且二者差异不显著(P>0.05),说明土地利用方式对土壤呼吸温度敏感性影响不大.回归分析表明,林地和水田的Q10值与培养时间均呈极显著的负相关关系,表明除温度外,Q10值的变化还与培养时间有关.  相似文献